Perineural invasion (PNI) by pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
✅ An indicator of poor prognosis
✅ Tumors with PNI utilize nerves as alternate routes of invasion
✅ Invasion along nerves can generate pain in the patient#yPathPearls pic.twitter.com/YcrcQ7HUbT— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) May 28, 2021
Quick #PathBoards memory tool for the hazard sign colors:
Red – Fire (fire is REDish)
Blue – Health (blue cross/blue shield HEALTH insurance)
Yellow – Chemical reactivity (think of explosive yellow powders from chemistry class)
White – Other#yPathPearls pic.twitter.com/4FoGivsijQ— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) April 26, 2021
Kimura disease and Kikuchi disease are so easy to mix up and almost always appear together in review questions…
How's this?
kiMURa = MORE eosinophils https://t.co/BPCzWGGaxS
Kikuchi = kaBOOMi (necrosis w/o neutrophils)https://t.co/yVkPcSw33Q#yPathPearls
— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) April 6, 2021
Pleomorphism: variation in size, shape and staining of cells.
This is an extreme example of pleomorphism from a uterine carcinosarcoma. #yPathPearls pic.twitter.com/2hXWl7f5tP
— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) April 5, 2021
Nice example of a leiomyosarcoma 🔬👀
Key features:
✅ Fascicular pattern on low power (orange highlights fascicles)
✅ Spindle cells with "cigar-shaped" nuclei (blunt ends)
✅ Frequent mitoses (arrows)
✅ SMA(+), desmin(+)#yPathPearls#BSTpath #Pathology #PathBoards pic.twitter.com/lpn7tvlVXP— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) February 23, 2021
Malakoplakia of the colon.
✅ Histiocytes with defective immune response to gram(-) bacteria
✅ Associated with HIV & solid organ transplants
✅ Most often seen in the bladderDo you see the characteristic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies 👀?#yPathPearls #GIpath #PathBoards pic.twitter.com/c6b51eZeA0
— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) February 22, 2021
Megakaryocyte mitosis in an otherwise normal bone marrow. Too many chromosomes, right?
That's because normal megs can have many more than the 46 chromosomes of our diploid cells.
It is reported that normal megs can have a ploidy of up to 64… 1472 chromosomes!!!#yPathPearls pic.twitter.com/xlb4ZtM3Pe
— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) February 2, 2021
Child ➡️ mom donations are more likely to get rejected, because mom's mature immune system saw baby's antigens as foreign during pregnancy (allo-immunization).
#PathBoards@gusmorenog @AAlhatem_MD @cebulka26 @MishiePishi @Dr_Brian_Cox @NHardy_path @JDuranMD
— Youssef Farhat, MD/PhD (@yMDPhD) February 6, 2021